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Paal 2: Kruispunt bij Supermarkt
Paal 2: Kruispunt bij Supermarkt
Dit punt is onderdeel van de route 'It Paad Werom Terherne'. Bekijk hier de hele route.
(beluister hier het audioverhaal)
Ja, daar ben ik weer. Als het goed is sta je nu op de T-splitsing in het dorp, met de rug naar de supermarkt. Kijk maar eens rustig om je heen. Je ziet een voor dorpsbegrippen ‘druk’ kruispunt. De weg richting de sluis en de pier ligt recht voor je. De weg naar links gaat verder het dorp en ‘de buorren' in. En nu wordt het interessant. Ik ga je uitdagen.
We gaan naar het jaar 1870.
Een tijd van ‘koemelkers’ en schippers. En een tijd van armoede. Deze plek, in het centrum van het dorp, wordt niet bepaald door het knooppunt van wegen zoals dat in de 21e eeuw het geval is, maar door vaarroutes. Ja je hoort het goed. De weg links van je, verder het dorp in en de weg voor je, richting ijsbaan, is vaarwater en heet ‘t Far.De supermarkt is ook in deze tijd al een dorpswinkel en eigendom van de beurtschipper. Aan de overkant zie je een boerderij. Later zal dit de Kameleonboerderij worden. Nu is het nog één van de grootste boerenbedrijven die hier aan het water ligt. En dan rechts die boerderij, aan de andere kant van het water, daar zie je een rij schippershuizen.
Tsja! Het wonder van tijd! De wegen van de 21e eeuw zijn een illusie als je het de schippers uit 1870 vraagt en de vaarroutes net zo goed, als je een moderne toerist de dezelfde vraag zou stellen. Duizelt het je al?
Steek maar over, we lopen over het water richting de ijsbaan. Kijk goed uit, het kan hier druk zijn. Vóór de fitnesstoestellen zie je een grindpad naar links. Hier gaan we op.Het gebied rondom de ijsbaan is louter weiland met slootjes tot aan 1990. Op dat moment het grootste en beste stuk weiland van Terherne. Er lopen zo’n zestig koeien te grazen. Later zal dit land plaatsmaken voor water en worden er 250 woningen gebouwd, voornamelijk om te recreëren. Ik zal je eerlijk zeggen, dit is voor mij als voormalig boer en hoeder van Terherne maar moeilijk te bevatten.
Ook wordt de oude ijsbaan hierheen verplaatst, De Terhernster schippers zijn de beste schaatsers dus dat snap ik dan nog wel.
Na de ijsbaan gaan we linksaf, en lopen we zo’n 30 meter verder, totdat je links van je weer een grindpad ziet. ’t Efterom, staat op het bordje. Loop dit grindpad op. Loop maar door zover je nu kunt zien, en dan net de bocht door. Je ziet daar straks aan je linkerhand een grote hoge pastoriewoning, met een tuin en knotwilgen. Wacht daar maar even.
We zijn nog steeds in 1870.
We staan hier voor de Kosterswoning, die tegen de achterkant van de Vermaningkerk is gebouwd. De mensen zijn arm. Het is een tijd van hard werken voor weinig geld. Dit geldt voor koemelkers en schippers. Ook hier is alleen grasland, omringd met water. Meer en meer schippers gaan failliet en de anderen moeten steeds verder en langer weg om handel te kunnen drijven vanwege aanhoudende concurrentie. Ze komen zelfs in Zeeland en Antwerpen terecht. Ook de koemelkers hebben het zwaar. Door de komst van melkfabrieken, komen er steeds meer koemelkers en daardoor zijn de verdiensten laag en de landpacht hoog. En tel daar dan nog de veepest bij op. Het is zelfs zo erg, dat een enkeling zichzelf verdrinkt nadat hij wordt betrapt bij het aanlengen van z’n melk met water!Maar in dit kerkje en in deze woning brandt licht. Het is de kerk waar Dominee Dornseiffen predikt. Dornseiffen is een man zonder kinderen, maar in zijn hart is hij een echte familieman. Een weldoener. Hij betekent veel voor de schippersfamilies en hun kinderen en draagt ze een warm hart toe. Zo zorgt hij voor een systeem waardoor de kinderen naar school gaan als hun ouders weg zijn en in eigen dorp bij familie terecht kunnen. Een deel van de schoolgelden worden aan de families betaald, zodat zij de kinderen ondanks de armoede in huis kunnen nemen en in de warmte van een gezin kunnen opvangen.
Als je goed kijkt, zie je onder deze kerk een kelder. Hier mochten de schippers hun aardappelen opslaan in de winter, zodat ook zij ze vorstvrij konden bewaren.
Kom, we lopen verder dit dijkje over. Aan het einde van het schelpenpad stoppen we even. Daar vertel ik je een ander verhaal en zal je merken in wat voor rauwe en indrukwekkende tijd we ons bevinden.
Dit punt is onderdeel van de route 'It Paad Werom Terherne'. Klik hier om terug te gaan naar de route.
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De 4 Dames
De 4 Dames
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Weidum
Weidum
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Menno Simons Monument
Menno Simons Monument
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Familieboten - Friendship
Familieboten - Friendship
Direct boekbaar
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Vakantiewoning Oer it Fjild
Vakantiewoning Oer it Fjild
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Smoek
Smoek
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The liberation of Friesland
The liberation of Friesland
By 18 April, the whole province of Friesland had been liberated, except for the Wadden Islands. Compared to other provinces, there was little fighting in Friesland. Overall, the few thousand German troops who had been unable to escape from Friesland were defeated by the Canadians relatively quickly.
The commander of the Royal Canadian Dragoons, Lieutenant Colonel Landell, praised the actions of the resistance by stating that "Friesland liberated herself". While that may be a bit of an exaggeration, the actions of the Frisian resistance undoubtedly accelerated the liberation. And reduced the number of casualties on the Allied side.
At least 31 resistance fighters lost their lives in confrontations with German troops and their Dutch accomplices. At least eleven Canadians and one Frenchman were killed on the Allied side. Dozens of civilian victims were also killed in the fighting and shelling. The number of casualties on the German side is not known, but it is believed that the number ran into hundreds. With 320 destroyed and 4000 damaged homes and 80 destroyed bridges, Friesland was materially the least damaged province of the Netherlands.
Many German soldiers fled towards the western part of the country. The retreating German troops gathered mostly in Harlingen, Makkum and Lemmer. From there, they tried to get away by boat across the IJsselmeer or via the Afsluitdijk to North Holland. The Wadden Islands also became a refuge for collaborators and German soldiers. Here, liberation was longer in coming.
On the island of Terschelling, the last German troops were disarmed by a British artillery regiment on 29 May. Two days later, the British crossed from Terschelling to Vlieland, and the liberation of that island was also a fact. Ameland was liberated on 3 June.
Personnel from the infamous Scholtenhuis, the SD headquarters in Groningen, had entrenched themselves on Schiermonnikoog. After their departure on 31 May, there was a celebration on the island, in spite of the six hundred members of the occupying troops who still were there. Only on 11 June did the last German soldiers leave Schiermonnikoog, and then the whole province of Friesland was free.
Most Canadian units that had liberated Friesland continued the battle in Groningen and North Germany after 18 April. Their war ended on 8 May 1945, when the surrender of all German armed forces became effective.
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Plaza Padel Sneek
Plaza Padel Sneek
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Kerk Elahuizen
Kerk Elahuizen
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Hellingbrêge Woudsend
Hellingbrêge Woudsend
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Wetterhûn
Wetterhûn
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4. Franekerpoort
4. Franekerpoort
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Kitesurfing Spot at Lemmer
Kitesurfing Spot at Lemmer
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Buitenpost (Bûtenpost)
Buitenpost (Bûtenpost)
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Boutique Hotel Joure - DeLuxe kamer
Boutique Hotel Joure - DeLuxe kamer
Direct boekbaar
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Stichting Seablue
Stichting Seablue
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Fietspont en theeschenkerij Nye Skou
Fietspont en theeschenkerij Nye Skou
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Hof fan 't Wyldpaed
Hof fan 't Wyldpaed
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Sint-Petruskerk Twijzel
Sint-Petruskerk Twijzel
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Op Paed: solex-, boot- en scooterverhuur
Op Paed: solex-, boot- en scooterverhuur
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Poem 'Graf te Blauwhuis'
Poem 'Graf te Blauwhuis'
The small village of Abbega and the neighbouring hamlet of Abbegaasterketting hid dozens of people in hiding during the war. In February 1945, a raid shocked the small community. Resistance fighter Gerrit Rijpma, 18, was fatally hit in the process. The famous Dutch writer Gerard Reve, who lived next door to a sister of Gerrit Rijpma in nearby Greonterp from 1953 to 1971, was deeply moved by the story of his neighbour's youngest brother. As a tribute to Gerrit, he wrote the poem 'Graf te Blauwhuis'.
According to witnesses, as many people in hiding lived in Abbega and the neighbouring hamlet of Abbegaasterketting as civilians.
Among them were Jewish people in hiding, people who had participated in railway strikes, deserters and young men from the surrounding area who wanted to avoid forced labour. Weapons for the resistance were also hidden there.
Abbegaasterketting was located next to the Bolswardervaart canal, and the absence of paved roads made access difficult. In addition, the inhabitants had implemented an ingenious alarm system: by means of an electric bell, people warned each other when something was wrong, and two people in hiding were on guard every night.
On 8 February 1945, at around half past eleven in the morning, the alarm bell sounded in the Rijpma family home. At that time, the brothers Yp and Gerrit were working in the barn.
When they went outside, they saw a lot of people running away in panic. This is why the brothers decided to sail down the Bolswardervaart, which divides the hamlet in two pieces, in a rowing boat. They hoped that they could get themselves to safety a little bit further on in a bend of the canal, behind the net. On their way there, they picked up their neighbour Minze van der Veen and a person in hiding, who were standing on the other side of the canal. Meanwhile, the German soldiers, aided by members of the Landwacht, a Dutch semi-military organisation, had set off in pursuit and opened fire on the fleeing people. Minze van der Veen was hit in his right elbow. Gerrit was hit three times: one bullet went straight through his body, another lodged in his back, and the third bullet went through his cheeks and teeth. Because the occupiers refused to help, Yp had to carry his dying brother to the boat and take him to a farmhouse nearby all by himself. The help from a woman living in the neighbourhood, who was a nurse, came too late. In great haste, curate Stolwijk of Blauwhuis was sent for, who administered the last rites to Gerrit. He died shortly afterwards. He was buried in the Catholic Cemetery in Blauwhuis.
The famous Dutch writer Gerard Reve, who lived in nearby Greonterp next to a sister of Gerrit Rijpma from 1953 to 1971, was deeply touched by the story of his neighbour's youngest brother. As a homage to Gerrit, he wrote the poem 'Grave in Blauwhuis':
GRAVE IN BLAUWHUIS (for neighbour H., in G.) He ran away, but did not escape, and was hit, and died, eighteen years old. A militant inscription cries out loud, but a sad and silent face looks out from the brown enamelled portrait. Still a child. Goodbye dear boy. You, who are King, of this and that, of whatever, yes, You, answer me, You know why, I don't. That Kingdom of Yours, remember, will it ever be?
In 1983, the mortal remains of Gerrit were transferred from the cemetery of Blauwhuis to Loenen National War Cemetery.
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Memorial stone for Fallen Canadians
Memorial stone for Fallen Canadians
Sunday 15 April 1945, Friesland's official liberation day, was also the day Sneek welcomed the Canadian liberation forces. It had been an exciting day, and the Dutch Domestic Armed Forces (NBS) had fought quite a battle with the occupiers.
A day earlier, German troops had begun to withdraw from Sneek and the NBS had tried to hinder their retreat along the Leeuwarderweg as much as possible. Until a column of German parachute troops had entered the fray and forced the NBS to retreat.
The Waag building in the middle of the city centre was used as a weapons cache by the occupying forces during the war. To prevent it from falling into Allied hands, the fleeing troops set it on fire at around three o'clock on Sunday. Loud explosions and bangs resounded throughout the city for half an hour.
Once the enemy had left the city, the NBS operatives gathered at the HBS school for instructions and the distribution of weapons and armbands. They went into the city to round up traitors. Then, rumour had it that hundreds of German soldiers were on their way to Sneek from Lemmer. Immediately, fortifications were built at the Water gate.
Canadian units were alerted. They were now in possession of the latest defence plans for Sneek thanks to NBS intelligence and were advancing from Joure towards the town.
In the evening around half past seven, the first patrol of the Canadian infantry battalion Le régiment De La Chaudière rode into town with flame-throwers and machine guns. The German troops stayed away, and the full Canadian battalion followed.
Sneek was liberated, but freedom was not yet guaranteed as German troops tried to escape via the Afsluitdijk towards Friesland. The Canadian Regiment of the Queens Own Rifles moved through Sneek to the Afsluitdijk and fiercely fought at Wons. Six Canadian soldiers were killed. They were temporarily buried at Sneek General Cemetery. In 1946, they were reburied at the Canadian Field of Honour in Holten.
Canadian guests
While waiting to return to their homeland, hundreds of Canadian soldiers were lodged with families in Sneek for about five months. On 1 June, the Perth Regiment arrived in the town, which they temporarily renamed Stratford. They were involved in the liberation of Groningen. A committee was set up to entertain the soldiers with various activities. From dances to sailing competitions and special church services.Cordial ties developed between the liberators and the people of Sneek. And sometimes more than that. For Gordon C. Compton and Atty Bouma, one could even speak of "love at first sight". When the last soldiers return home at the end of November, Gordon decided to stay in the Netherlands. On 9 May 1946, he married Atty in Sneek. Not long after, Gordon and his "war bride" left for Canada.
Several monuments in the city recall the special bond with the Canadian military, which remains very close to this day.
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B&B De Kleine Karekiet
B&B De Kleine Karekiet
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